What is a decomposition reaction?

What is a decomposition reaction?

• A. A reaction where two or more substances combine to form one product
• B. A reaction that involves the exchange of ions
• C. A reaction where reactants break down into smaller molecules
• D. A reaction that always releases energy

Answer: (C)

A decomposition reaction is characterized by the breakdown of a single compound into two or more simpler substances. This type of reaction occurs when the bonds holding the compound together are broken, resulting in the formation of smaller molecules or elemental substances. In the context of the other choices, a reaction where two or more substances combine to form one product describes a synthesis reaction, not decomposition. An exchange of ions is indicative of a double displacement reaction, where ions in two compounds swap places. Lastly, while some decomposition reactions may release energy, it is not a defining feature, as others may require energy input to occur, typically in the form of heat, light, or electricity. Therefore, the defining characteristic is the breakdown of a single reactant into simpler products.

A decomposition reaction is characterized by the breakdown of a single compound into two or more simpler substances. This type of reaction occurs when the bonds holding the compound together are broken, resulting in the formation of smaller molecules or elemental substances.

In the context of the other choices, a reaction where two or more substances combine to form one product describes a synthesis reaction, not decomposition. An exchange of ions is indicative of a double displacement reaction, where ions in two compounds swap places. Lastly, while some decomposition reactions may release energy, it is not a defining feature, as others may require energy input to occur, typically in the form of heat, light, or electricity. Therefore, the defining characteristic is the breakdown of a single reactant into simpler products.